Robot organized as a team, with different roles and hierarchies that make them able to communicate with each other and work together to achieve a common goal , whether it is exploring a potentially dangerous environment or intervene in complicated rescue operations. It is not a scene from science fiction , but the goal in which they work researchers across Europe involved in H2Swarm , an acronym for " Hierachical ,
Heterogeneous Swarm . " The project is coordinated by the Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies (ISTC ) of the National Research Council in Rome and has as partners the Free University of Brussels and the Catholic University of Leuven (Belgium) , and the Polytechnic School of Lausanne (Switzerland). The objective is to study the strategies of communication and control typical of some animals that live in groups - colonies of ants , spiders, bees - and its organizational structure and build on these to create robots that can cooperate in performing complex actions . " Nature provides many examples of hierarchical organizations in which the different roles are designed to ensure the survival and evolution of the species itself ," says Vito Trianni ISTC -CNR . "Sometimes it is to divide the work on the basis of the physical characteristics of individual animals , as in the case of Pheidole ants that allocate the largest specimens the role of defense of the nest and smaller than foraging . Sometimes , the animals they use indirect systems of communication to reach a useful purpose to the whole group , as do termites when they leave traces of pheromones to indicate to the companions where to build the nest , a behavior that over time change the surrounding environment, as evidenced by the huge and complex nests that are able to accomplish. "
The fundamental question of this project is , therefore, whether it is possible to translate these systems of self-organization to sets of robots with different characteristics and make them interact through sophisticated algorithms. " The so-called Swarm Robotics is based on this : put together robotic devices with limited functionality , when viewed individually , to make sure that they can perform actions of higher complexity , while retaining the features of flexibility, robustness and scalability ," says the researcher . Among the steps of the project , in short there is a first proof- of-concept that will test the skills of collaboration of a diverse set of robots in the construction of dams and walls using sand bags . H2Swarm is funded by the European Science Foundation under the program Eurocores , the Istc -CNR participates through the Laboratory of Autonomous Robots and Artificial Life , directed by Stefano Nolfi , who has a recognized international experience in the study of artificial evolution of behavior robot
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